JavaScript try...catch...finally
Example
This example has a typo in the try block. Alert is misspelled.
The catch block catches the error and executes the code to handle it:
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
try {
adddlert("Welcome guest!");
}
catch(err) {
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = err.message;
}
</script>
Try it Yourself »
More examples below.
Definition and Usage
When an error occurs, JavaScript will stop and generate an error message.
Note
The technical term for this is is: JavaScript throws an exception.
JavaScript creates an Error object with two properties: name and message.
The try...catch...finally statements combo handles errors without stopping JavaScript.
The try statement defines the code block to run (to try).
The catch statement defines a code block to handle any error.
The finally statement defines a code block to run regardless of the result.
The throw statement defines a custom error.
Both catch and finally are optional, but you must use one of them.
Note
Using throw with try and catch, lets you control program flow and generate custom error messages.
See Also:
Syntax
try {
tryCode - Code block to run
}
catch(err) {
catchCode -
Code block to handle errors
}
finally {
finallyCode - Code block to be executed regardless of the try result
}
Parameters
| Parameter | Description |
| tryCode | Required. Code block to be tested while executing. |
| err | A local reference to the error object. |
| catchCode | Optional. Code block to execute if an error occurs. |
| finallyCode | Optional. Code block to execute regardless of the try result |
More Examples
This example examines input.
If the value is wrong, an exception (err) is thrown:
<p>Please input a number between
5 and 10:</p>
<input id="demo" type="text">
<button type="button"
onclick="myFunction()">Test Input</button>
<p id="message"></p>
<script>
function myFunction() {
const message =
document.getElementById("message");
message.innerHTML = "";
let x =
document.getElementById("demo").value;
try {
if(x == "") throw "is Empty";
if(isNaN(x)) throw "not a number";
if(x > 10) throw "too high";
if(x < 5) throw "too low";
}
catch(err) {
message.innerHTML =
"Input " + err;
}
}
</script>
Try it Yourself »
The finally statement executes code, after regardless of the try result:
function myFunction()
const message =
document.getElementById("message");
message.innerHTML = "";
let x =
document.getElementById("demo").value;
try {
if(x == "") throw "Empty";
if(isNaN(x))
throw "Not a number";
if(x >
10) throw "Too high";
if(x <
5) throw "Too low";
}
catch(err)
{
message.innerHTML = "Error: " +
err + ".";
}
finally {
document.getElementById("demo").value = "";
}
}
Try it Yourself »
Browser Support
try...catch is an ECMAScript3 (ES3) feature.
ES3 (JavaScript 1999) is fully supported in all browsers:
| Chrome | IE | Edge | Firefox | Safari | Opera |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
